John G. Roberts, Jr.

Nominated by George W. Bush

Chief Justice since Sep 29, 2005

Official biography

Circuits:District of Columbia CircuitFederal CircuitFourth Circuit

Born

Jan 27, 1955

Birthplace

Buffalo, New York

Took seat

Sep 29, 2005

Authored opinions

Majority votes

166

Recusals

Biography

was born in Buffalo, New York, January 27, 1955. He married Jane Sullivan in 1996 and they have two children - Josephine and Jack. He received an A.B. from Harvard College in 1976 and a J.D. from Harvard Law School in 1979. He served as a law clerk for Judge Henry J. Friendly of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit from 1979–1980, and as a law clerk for then-Associate Justice William H. Rehnquist of the Supreme Court of the United States during the 1980 Term. He served as a Special Assistant to the Attorney General of the United States from 1981–1982, Associate Counsel to President Ronald Reagan, White House Counsel’s Office from 1982–1986, and as Principal Deputy Solicitor General from 1989–1993. From 1986–1989 and 1993–2003, he practiced law in Washington, D.C. He served as a Judge on the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 2003–2005. Nominated as Chief Justice of the United States by President George W. Bush, he assumed that office on September 29, 2005.

Oral argument analytics

How Roberts shows up at oral argument.

Speaking time

2h 19m

October Term 2025 · Rank #8

Questions asked

891

15.1/case · 59 cases

Speaking pace

143 wpm

19,834 total words

Engagement

217

interruptions · 59 first questioner

Term-by-term

Term	Time	Questions	WPM	Cases	Rank
October Term 2025	2h 19m	891	143	59	#8
October Term 2024	2h 22m	885	148	61	#8

Recent oral argument activity

Notable quotes and analysis from recent arguments.

“What if the agency, EPA, says we've got this new information and we're viewing it, we're reviewing it... In that situation, the state can't make a determination that...we're responsive more quickly than the federal government is?”

Authored opinions

Opinion of the CourtFeb 20, 2026

Upholds President's Use of IEEPA to Impose Trade Tariffs; Some Parts Remanded

OT 2025

Opinion of the CourtFeb 20, 2026

Rules IEEPA Does Not Let President Impose Tariffs

The International Emergency Economic Powers Act, 91 Stat. 1626, does not authorize the President to impose tariffs.

OT 2025 PDF

Opinion of the CourtJan 14, 2026

Says Federal Election Day Law Preempts Some State Rules Allowing Late-Counted Ballots

As a candidate for office, Congressman Bost has standing to challenge the rules that govern the counting of votes in his election.

OT 2025

Recent votes

majorityMar 31, 2026

Colorado Conversion-Therapy Ban Invalid as Applied to a Christian Counselor’s Talk Therapy

concurrence in judgmentJun 24, 2022

Overrules Roe and Casey, Letting States Regulate Abortion (Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health)

majorityJul 1, 2021

Narrows Federal Review of Arizona Voting Rules in Brnovich v. DNC

majorityJul 1, 2021

Limits Use of Voting Rights Act to Force New Voting Practices in Arizona Case

majorityJul 1, 2021

John G. Roberts, Jr. · SCOTUS.wiki

Financial disclosures

7 disclosures filed

Annual financial disclosure reports covering gifts, travel reimbursements, investments, and liabilities (2021–2025). Sort any column and filter by year to explore the data.

Gifts

No reportable gifts

Travel & reimbursements

						PDF
2024	New England Law	7/5-18/2024	Galway, Ireland	Taught course on The Supreme Court of the United States in Historical Perspective	Transportation, Lodging, and Meals	View
2024	United States Military Academy	10/30-31/2024	West Point, NY	Delivered the Ron Salvatore Law and Legal Lecture; Attended 150th Anniversary Dinner	Transportation, Lodging, and Meals	View

Investments & trusts

Year

Showing 466 of 466 rows

					PDF
2025	Macrae Inc. (Common)	—	—	Buy07/31/2025	View
2024	Lam Research (Common) LRCX Dividend	$2.5K–$5K	$100.0K–$250K	—	View
2024	Thermo Fisher (Common) TMO Dividend	$1.0K–$2.5K	$500.0K–$1M	—	View
2024	Amer. Century Gro. Inv. Class I TWGIX Dividend	$5.0K–$15K	$100.0K–$250K	Sold (part)04/12/24Up to $15K	View
2024	MetLife GVUL: Putnam VT Sustainable Leaders Fund PNOPX Dividend	$5.0K–$15K	$50.0K–$100K	—	View
2024	Vanguard Int'l Gr Fund Admiral Shares VWILX Dividend	$5.0K–$15K	$100.0K–$250K	Sold (part)05/01/24$15.0K–$50K	View
2024	Vanguard Sm-Cap Index Fund Admiral VSMAX Dividend	$1.0K–$2.5K	—	Donated	View
2024	Wells Fargo bank accounts Interest	$15.0K–$50K	$1.0M–$5M	—	View
2024	Capital One, Inc. bank accounts Interest	Up to $1K	$50.0K–$100K	—	View
2024	Caraheen Partners 1/8 int cottage, Knocklong, County Limerick, Ireland Rent	Up to $1K	Up to $15K	—	View
2024	my529 Equity - 10% Int'l UTSNX	—	$500.0K–$1M	—	View
2024	my529 Enrolled UTAWX	—	$15.0K–$50K	—	View
2024	First Eagle Global SGIIX Dividend	$50.0K–$100K	$500.0K–$1M	Buy (add'l)02/27/24$15.0K–$50K	View
2024	—First Eagle Global SGIIX - Sold (part)	—	—	Sold (part)05/01/24Up to $15K	View
2024	—First Eagle Global SGIIX - Buy (add'l)	—	—	Buy (add'l)10/14/24$50.0K–$100K	View
2024	—First Eagle Global SGIIX - Buy (add'l)	—	—	Buy (add'l)11/27/24$15.0K–$50K	View
2024	T. Rowe Price Blue Chip Growth TRBCX Dividend	$50.0K–$100K	$500.0K–$1M	Sold (part)05/01/24$15.0K–$50K	View
2024	—T. Rowe Price Blue Chip Growth TRBCX - Buy (add'l)	—	—	Buy (add'l)10/14/24$50.0K–$100K	View
2024	Dodge & Cox FDS International Stock DODFX Dividend	$5.0K–$15K	$250.0K–$500K	Buy (add'l)05/01/24Up to $15K	View
2024	Principal MidCap Institutional PCBIX Dividend	$15.0K–$50K	$500.0K–$1M	Sold (part)05/01/24$15.0K–$50K	View
2024	Virtus Alternatives CL I GAFYX	—	—	Buy (add'l)05/01/24Up to $15K	View
2024	—Virtus Alternatives CL I GAFYX - Sold	—	—	Sold10/22/24$100.0K–$250K	View
2024	my529-FDIC-Insured Static Investment Option UTSIX	—	$250.0K–$500K	—	View
2024	Tweedy Browne Global Value Fund TBGVX Dividend	$15.0K–$50K	$100.0K–$250K	Buy (add'l)04/26/24$15.0K–$50K	View
2024	T Rowe Price Short-Term Bond PRWBX Dividend	$15.0K–$50K	$250.0K–$500K	Buy (add'l)05/01/24$15.0K–$50K	View

1 of 19

Non-investment income

Year

Filer

Showing 14 of 14 rows

				PDF
2024	Self	NONE (No reportable non-investment income.)	—	View
2024	Spouse	Macrae, Inc. -- Attorney Search Consultants -- recoverable base salary and commission	—	View
2023	Self	NONE (No reportable non-investment income.)	—	View
2023	Spouse	Macrae, Inc. -- Attorney Search Consultants -- recoverable base salary and commission	—	View
2023	Spouse	Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman LLP -- payment from unfunded, non-qualified deferred compensation plan	—	View
2022	Self	None (No reportable non-investment income.)	—	View
2022	Spouse	Macrae, Inc. -- Attorney Search Consultants -- recoverable base salary and commission (see Part VIII)	—	View
2022	Spouse	Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman LLP -- payment from unfunded, non-qualified deferred compensation plan	—	View
2021	Self		—	View
2021	Spouse	Macrae, Inc. -- Attorney Search Consultants -- salary	—	View
2021	Spouse	Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman LLP -- payment from unfunded, non-qualified deferred compensation plan	—	View
2021	Self	NONE (No reportable non-investment income.)	—	View
2021	Spouse	Macrae, Inc. -- Attorney Search Consultants -- salary	—	View
2021	Spouse	Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman LLP -- payment from unfunded, non-qualified deferred compensation plan	—	View

Positions held outside the Court

			PDF
2024	2024 Distinguished Lecturer, Summer 2024	New England Law	View

Agreements & arrangements

No reportable agreements

Liabilities

				PDF
2024	Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.	Priority Credit Line	$500.0K–$1M	View

Additional information

2024

Part I., Line 1. Taught two-week course in July 2024, but received compensation in February 2025. Part VII., Lines 40, 78, 79. Some of the Class C shares were exchanged for Class A shares. Part VII., Line 53. The name TA Vanguard Instl Target Ret. 2020 fund (VITWX) changed to Vanguard Target Ret. 2020 Trust Select fund (VTNWX).

2023

Part VII., Line 4. The name Putnam Multi-Cap Growth fund (PNOPX) changed to the Putnam VT Sustainable Leaders fund (PNOPX). Part VII., Line 22. The name AlphaSimplex Global Alternatives CL Y fund (GAFYX) changed to the Virtus AlphaSimplex Global Alternatives CL I fund (GAFYX). Part VII., Line 49. The name Putnam VT Growth Opportunities fund (POGAX) changed to the Putnam VT Large Cap Growth fund (POGAX).

2022

Part III-B., line 1. Spousal non-investment income type clarified over prior year reports. Part VII., line 114. Reports from 2019 through 2021 disclosed spousal non-investment income from Mlegal Group, Inc. / Macrae, Inc. in Part III-B., but inadvertently omitted from Part VII a non-income-generating equity holding obtained incident to commencement of employment. Reports from 2019 to 2021 have been amended to reflect this asset.

2021

Part VII., line 11. In 2021, ownership of this property was transferred to a partnership. Part VII., lines 12, 13, and 33. Column B(1) reports all dividends through July 13, 2021. On July 15, my529 began publishing the net asset value (NAV), or unit price, for each option. Dividends and interest are now embedded in the NAV. my529 also published ticker symbols for each option on July 15, 2021, and so those ticker symbols have been added. Part VII., line 13. On July 14, 2021, my529 converted the existing "Age-Based Moderate" holding to "Enrolled" fund (UTAWX). Part VII., line 17. On December 6, 2021, Wells Fargo Absolute Return Fund changed its name to Allspring Absolute Return Fund. Part VII., line 121. This report was amended in May 2023 to reflect an equity holding in Macrae, Inc. Spousal non-investment income from Macrae, Inc. had previously been reported in Part III-B.

2021

Source documents

2025 Periodic Transaction ReportFiled Aug 29, 2025 2024 AnnualFiled May 15, 2025 2023 AnnualFiled May 15, 2024 2022 Periodic Transaction ReportFiled Jan 17, 2023 2022 AnnualFiled May 15, 2023 2021 AnnualFiled May 15, 2023 2021 AnnualFiled May 13, 2022

John G. Roberts, Jr.

How Roberts shows up at oral argument.

Notable quotes and analysis from recent arguments.

Upholds President's Use of IEEPA to Impose Trade Tariffs; Some Parts Remanded

Rules IEEPA Does Not Let President Impose Tariffs

Says Federal Election Day Law Preempts Some State Rules Allowing Late-Counted Ballots

Colorado Conversion-Therapy Ban Invalid as Applied to a Christian Counselor’s Talk Therapy

Overrules Roe and Casey, Letting States Regulate Abortion (Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health)

Narrows Federal Review of Arizona Voting Rules in Brnovich v. DNC

Limits Use of Voting Rights Act to Force New Voting Practices in Arizona Case

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John G. Roberts, Jr.

How Roberts shows up at oral argument.

Notable quotes and analysis from recent arguments.

Upholds President's Use of IEEPA to Impose Trade Tariffs; Some Parts Remanded

Rules IEEPA Does Not Let President Impose Tariffs

Says Federal Election Day Law Preempts Some State Rules Allowing Late-Counted Ballots

Colorado Conversion-Therapy Ban Invalid as Applied to a Christian Counselor’s Talk Therapy

Overrules Roe and Casey, Letting States Regulate Abortion (Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health)

Narrows Federal Review of Arizona Voting Rules in Brnovich v. DNC

Limits Use of Voting Rights Act to Force New Voting Practices in Arizona Case

Rejects Automatic Jurisdiction Over PLO and Palestinian Authority Under 2019 Terrorism Act

Limits California's Demand That Charities Disclose Major Donors' Names

Limits California Charity Donor-Disclosure Rule in Thomas More Law Center v. Bonta

What Roberts says most

7 disclosures filed